Polystyrene compounds
are a thermoplastic polymer made from the aromatic monomer styrene, a
hydrocarbon that is commercially manufactured from petroleum. Polystyrene is
one of the most widely used plastics and is the base for foam plastic as well
as PVC. Polystyrene compounds are used in the production of various packaging
materials. One of the most important features of this type of material in the
context of packaging is that it has moderate to good barrier properties to
liquids, making it suitable for holding beverages and warm foot products.
Polystyrene is a rigid, brittle, inexpensive plastic that has been used to make
plastic model kits and similar knickknacks. It is also be the basis for one of
the most popular 'foamed' plastics called 'styrene foam' or 'Styrofoam'. This
material is widely used in disposable party glasses/ fast food Clear Boxes
and is a recyclable material.
Below is a description
of some of the common polystyrene polymers used in various forms for packaging.
The material is brittle and very rigid, transparent, has low shrinkage, is easy
and cheap to produce, has excellent X-ray resistance and is free from any odor
or taste. Polystyrene has low barrier properties and is therefore not useful
for long term packaging. The foam can be formed into all shapes through
heat-stamping or injection molding processes. EPS is usually white and made of
expanded polystyrene beads. This is a foam type material; it is brittle and not
suitable for use at high temperatures. It is commonly produced and packaged as
rigid panels also known as 'bead-boards'. This material is generally used to contain
fresh meat or fast foods as it has poor barrier properties.
Foamed between two
sheets of paper, it makes a more uniform substitute for corrugated cardboard
and is used as such to make shock absorbent packaging containers. It's a
material widely used to store fresh produce. PP and OPP are moderately
expensive to produce. When thermoformed it is suitable for use at temperatures
up to 110° C, therefore it is suitable for use in microwave ovens, in this
instance it is widely used to store bakery/confectionery products. It is
durable, dirt resistant and is highly colorfast, meaning it can be colored in
variety of ways and colors and is thus ideal of retail packaging. OPP is
generally used for a wide variety of products and parts, including storage and
packaging boxes, bottles and bottle caps. EPP has good impact characteristics
due to low stiffness and rigidity, allowing it to resume shape after impact. It
is used as a shock absorbent in packaging.
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